SLEEPER CELL

Sleeper cells are groups of terrorist who are trained and ready to carry out attack at a designated time and place.They are loosely organised and blend into communities easily through legitimate employment.

These agents may spend years performing their regular duties while living deep undercover,then suddenly receive orders from their overseas handlers to either commit an act of terrorism or to provide aid to those who will.For eg. one sleeper agent may work for an airline ticket while another may work for a car rental company. When the commanders of the terrorist organisation want to activate a cell, they receive only his specific order. For eg. The airline ticket agent may be told to provide tickets to them. No individual is aware of the entire plan.

The event 9/11 pointed out the dangers of such cells, since a number US citizens did provide material assistance to the actual terrorists.

 

THE SYRIAN CIVIL WAR

THE SYRIAN CIVIL WAR
The SYRIAN CIVIL WAR is an ongoing multi-sided armed conflict with international interventions taking place in Syria. The unrest began in the early spring of 2011 the Arab Spring protests, with nationwide protests against President Bashar al-Assad's government, whose forces responded with violent crackdowns. The conflict gradually morphed from mass protests to an armed rebellion after months of military sieges. A United Nations report released in December, 2012, stated that the conflict had "become overtly sectarian in nature", between Alawite–dominated government forces, militias and other Shia groups fighting primarily against Sunni-dominated rebel groups; however both opposition and government forces denied that.


IMPACT OF WAR ON SOCIETY
 The Syrian Civil War has devastated Syria and its people. The death toll is not easily confirmed, but the deadliest single day of the Syrian Civil War was estimated to have seen 397 Syrians killed. Overall, the death toll sits somewhere around 50,000 casualties. Considering Syrians small population, the death toll is a huge blow to the nation. The remaining Syrians have lost all faith in their country, and many of them have fled to neighboring countries to find safety.


SOME UNTOLD FACTS ABOUT THE SYRIAN REFUGEE CRISIS
* Another of Syria's neighbours, Egypt, has taken in more than 100,000 refugees

* The United Nations estimates around 7.6 million refugees are displaced within Syria

* Three years ago a refugee camp was set up in the middle of the Jordanian desert - it is now Jordan's fourth biggest city with a population of more than 80,000 Syrians living in tents

* More than half of all Syrian refugees are children

* In terms of the EU, most refugees seek asylum in Germany

* Just over one million Syrian refugees are in Lebanon
Sheffield to ‘immediately’ open doors to Syrian refugees

* Jordan has taken in more than 600,000 Syrian refugees

* 250,000 displaced Syrians are now in Iraq

* More than 100,000 Syrian civilians have been killed in the fighting in the last four years

* Since 2011 half the population - 11 million people - have been displaced

* Two million refugees are currently in Turkey

* The Syria crisis began when a civil war broke out in 2011                        

* At the time the war broke out the population of Syria was 23 million

(picture of the Syrian refugees and pollution due to the bombings and conflict.)

 -Sana Mehta

Landmark events that occurred in 2012 during the Syrian war

January 2012
A car bomb in Damascus kills 26 and a few days later a mortar attack kills French journalist Gilles Jacquier in Homs.UNICEF says as many as 384 children have died in the conflict.

February 2012
Russia and China went to a UN resolution that supported the Arab League's call for Assad to quit after hundreds in Homs died.Russia said the resolution was a biased attempt at the regime.The Arab League still offers opposition forces political and financial support.

March 2012
Rebels flee after 3 weeks of bombardment that killed hundreds.Two more bombings in Damascus killed 27.Syria agrees to UN Security Council demands that it implement Kofi Annan's peace plan.China and Russia endorse the non binding plan after modification.

April 2012
More than 100 killed on April 9.The UN sponsored ceasefire that comes into effect on April 12 and the monitors begin 4  days later

May 2012
The Security Council  condemns government use of heavy weaponry and the militia killing civilians in Houla.At least 108 people die including many children in attacks in the region of Houla on May 25.

June 2012
Assad tells a reshuffled government they face real war.Syria shoots down a Turkish jet threatening Turkey to stay away.UN peacekeeping chief Herve  Ladsous says Syria is embroiled in a full scale civil war

July 2012
Suicide bomb kills Syrian defense minster Dawoud Rajha on July 17.Army and militias kill as many as 220 on July 12 in Tremseh.Damascus sees some of its heaviest fighting as armored vehicles clash with rebels.

August 2012
Syria's prime minister Riyad Hijab reportedly fled to Jordan with his  family.Conflicting reports coming out of Syria said he was fired upon prior to fleeing the country.

important events of the syrian war:2013

2013 January- Syria accused Israeli jets of attacking a military research center near Damascus ,but denies reports that lorries carrying  weapons bound for Lebanon were hit. unverified reports say Israel had targeted  an Iranian commander charged with moving weapons of mass destruction to Lebanon . International donors pledge more than dollars 1.5bn to help civilians affected by the conflict in Syria [humanitarian aid]

2013 March- Syrian warplanes bomb the northern city Raqqa after the rebels seize control. Britain pledge non-military aid to rebels .

Rise of Islamists

2013 June- government and allied Lebanese Hezbollah forces recapture strategically -important town of Qusair between homs and Lebanese border .rebel commanders complain that arms supplies taper off over international concerns about Islamists I the opposition camp.

2013 July- Saudi - backed  Ahmed  Jarba  becomes  Ahmed Jarba becomes leader of oppositions national  coalition ,defeating qatarbacked  rival .

2013 September-UN weapons inspectors conclude that chemical weapons were used in an attack on the Ghouta area of Damascus

2013 October -President Assad allows international inspectors to begin destroying Syria's chemical weapons o the basis of a US-RUSSIAN agreement .

2013 December - US and BRITAIN suspend "non lethal " support for rebels in northern Syria after reports islamist rebels seize some bases of western -backed FSA

LANDMARKS THAT OCCURED IN SYRIA CIVIL WAR 2011

 The civil war began.....

March 6,2011 some of the children who painted anti-regime graffiti were jailed,some were killed in detention and this led to public peace protests which spread around the country -fuelled by  the failure of the government to punish the perpetrators.The country before war was already unstable as the government was failure to his long -promised economic and poliical reforms. By July 2011 the free syrian army was formed (FSA)had formned. The FSA never existed before.People like local areas formed thier own militias with the aim of toppling the government without any co-ordination or centralizes command or control. The FSA are the ones who trained the rebels .The rebels are anti government people who want to overthrow the regime.

US Imposes sanctions

The  US imposes sanctions against syrian President Bahar- al-Assad and six other senior syrian offical.The us imposes new economic sanctions on syria ,freezing syrian government assets in the us barring American from making new investments in country. President Barack Obama calls on Assad to resign and orders Syrian government assests frozen.

RUSSIA AND US INVOLVEMENT IN SYRIA CIVIL WAR

Twin suicide bombings

Twin suicide bombs outside security buildings in Damascus killed 44 people.The blast came a day after an advance team of Arab League observers arrived in the country to monitor Syria`s promise to end its crackdown on protesters.

TWIN SUICIDE BOMBINGS

Stop the killing of civilians

 Russia and China veto a European-backed UN Security Council resolution that threatens sanctions against Syria if it doesn’t immediately halt its military crackdown against civilians. The Arab League votes to suspend Syria’s membership.The Arab League overwhelmingly approves sanctions against Syria to pressure Damascus to end the crackdown, an unprecedented move against an Arab state.

humanitarian aid for the Syrian refugees

Boom! Crack! blast! the military of Assad was destroying all the medical facilities and killing all the doctors and in the blasts the civilians too were killed or injured and they needed something called humanitarian aid , our topic today.

                                HUMANITARIAN AID

What is humanitarian aid?

humanitarian aid is humanity assisted to the the people for securing them.

 what is happening in Syria about humanitarian aid?

A few organizations like Mercy Corps and United Nations are making camps with tents and markets totally free. They are also providing the refugees with food and water.They also apply jobs for them. Some of the refugees felt conjusted and left for the towns themselves. The camps are itself as big as a town. Many people have now read about the Syrian war and are trying to donate to the ones who cant afford anything. Some used to be rich and some poor but now they are the same class which means no fights of the classes.

do they yet need any thing?

yes they do yet need lot of help. The U.N estimated that to meet the urgent needs of people whether refugees or not it will cost around 7.7 billion dollars. This is the needs even though the donation is there and the U.N doesn't know how it will give so much money.

how many Syrians need humanitarian aid?

An estimated 12.2 million Syrians need assistance because of increasing violence and deteriorating conditions the country.

how many Syrians are refugees?

over 3 million have fled to Syria's immediate neighbours Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq. 6.5 million are internally displaced within Syria.

BY NAVIYA KAMDAR

Role of Religious Extremists in the Syrian civil-war?

Religious Extremists are people who are very aggressive in nature and dream that people should follow their religion and they think that their religion is the best of all religions.The role of Religious Extremists in the Syrian civil-war is that they fight for their religion and they protest. They do not lose hope about people not following their religion. They are killing people if the people don't agree to follow the religious extremists religion. As I said that they are aggressive too. They fight with the opposing group and force civilians to follow their religion. 

Adolf hitler involvment in world war 2                                                                                                   Adolf hitler (1889-1945) was the dictatorial  leader of the national german workers party or nazi party  comanding german forces through world war2                                                                 Adolf hitler role in world war 2                                                                                                             Hitler was the leader of the nazi party and become chance for germany in 1933 as leader of the third reich.He invendepol and which started  ww2 .He orchestranted the holo cast which results in the death of 6 million jews.By jiya jain                                                      

summary on french revolution

Basically in the French Revolution was a period of far reaching social and political upheaval in France that lasted from 1789 until 1799 and was partially carried forward by the Napoleon during the later expansion empire.The Revolution overthrew the monarchy established as a republic experienced violent periods of chaos and finally culminated in a dictatorship under Napoleon that rapidly brought many of its principles to Western Europe and beyond.The revolution profoundly altered the course of modern history triggering the global decline of the absolute monarchies while replacing them with republics and liberal democracies.Through the revolutionary wars it unleashed a wave of global conflicts that extended from the Caribbean to the middle east Historians widely regard the revolution as one of the most event in Human History. The causes of the French are complex and are still debated among historians.Following the seven year's war and the american revolutionary war the French government was deeply in dept and attempt to restore its financial status through unpopular taxation schemes years of bad harvest leading up to the revolution also inflamed popular displeasure of the privileges enjoyed by the clergy and the nobility.Demands for change were formulated in terms of enlightenment ideals and contributed to the convocation of the estates general in may 1789.The first year of the revolution saw members of the 3rd estate taking control the assault on the Bastille in July the passage of the declaration of the rights of man and of the citizens in August the women march to the palace of Versailles that forced the royal court back to Paris in October.A central event of the first stage in August 1789 was the abolition of feudalism and the old rules and privileges left over from the Old Regime.The next few years featured political struggles between various liberal assemblies and right wing supporters of the monarchies intent on the wartiting of major.On July 14 1789 the people of Paris were afraid that the army had been ordered to attack them.they armed themselves and marched to the Bastille a royal fort used as a prison in search of gun powder.they attacked and captured the fort the revolution had began.The French revolution succeeded in overthrowing a corrupt and unjust system of government but it soon ran out of control .1st aristocrats were executed and then the revolutionaries turned on each other in a bloodbath.The reign of terror had begun in which the state governed by fear.During the reign of terror about 40 thousand people were executed or murdered.A guillotine (a guillotine is bascally a wooden frame which contained a sharp blade that was dropped onto the victim's neck it was a humane method of execution) was set up in the place in Paris.That the creator of of the reign of terror (Robespierre) was seized by his opponents and beheaded in the National Convention in 1794.In 1795 there were major uprisings.Order was restored by a soldier named Napoleon Bonaparte.Power passed to a 5 man group called the Directory and by 1799 Napoleon had seized power for himself the and revolution was over.

how did treaty of versailles lead to world war 2

they say that world war 2 became unavoidable when the treaty of Versailles was signed 1919.... after the horrendous carnage that was the trench warfare of ww1 ,the Europeans power were fearful of any future warfare altogether after 6 months negotiations the allied power decided that Germany must be stripped of all its war-making capabilities so that the country could never commence another aggressive war again. the treaty of Versailles timeline: 18 jan 1919 the Paris peace conference opened in Versailles France 16th June the victorious power gave an ultimatum to Germany to agree to the treaty of Versailles by 24th June 1919 24th June 1919 the German Reichstag agreed to the treaty of Versailles and the Convenant of the league of nations were signed in Paris france. the treaty of Versailles signified humiliating defeats for the Germans .as a country who had declared war on several powers. The treaty of Versailles was harsh on Germany, it depended on the goodwill of the Germans to comply which they did until their economy collapsed and their internal politics used the treaty to bludgeon the Weimar Republic and solicit support from an increasingly desperate and hostile german people.When parts of the treaty were tested and Germany found that no one would do anything,then completely breaking the treaty became part of gemany ethos the treaty of versailles added to the outbreak to the ww2 because it left Germany weak.... treaty of Versailles cleared all the conflicts between the allies and axis.

Iran's contribution towards Assad of the Syrian civil war

The contribution of army

As Syria and Iran are allies Iran helped the government which was on Bashar al-Assad.Iran had helped by sending officers, soldiers, etc. Basically Iran send the people who could help or fight for the government and against the rebels. Iran also send some weapons for the government to use. this shows Iran and Syria are such good allies. Also Iran was doing this secretly so the rebels do not come to know about this so it will be difficult for Iran to do this. Also Iran had a very strong army, they had strong weapons, strong air forces, strong army, and many more. Before finishing I would like to tell you that the government is becoming better and the rebels are becoming more worse as there is a big mess. Now I will tell you some facts that Iran likes to use long guns and they like to do sneaky stuff.

Progress of Weaponry

Do you know any thing about weaponry or how it has evolved over the years? how it all started? if you dont know we will tell you in this post.

                                                  

           THE PROGRESS OF WEAPONRY

Weaponry has evolved over the years.People first used kill people with just bare hands but over the time humans through the use of science have created weapons like guns and cannons.But we will take you in detail through the progress of weaponry.

400,000 B.C - during this time people used to use spears.

40,000 to 25,000 B.C- now the weapons had more of progress and the people then invented atlatls (a stick with a handle on one side and a dart sort of thing on the other) which was then advanced to be the bow and arrow.

20,000 B.C- The earliest arrowhead was created and some people also believe the bow and arrow was also created during this time

metal daggers

5,000 to 10,000 B.C- The development of the first metal daggers and swords had started and were in use.

800 to 1300 A.D - Gunpowder is invented in china and the firearms are created rapidly.

1200 to 1600 A.D - Egyptian soldiers are taught how to use the cannons and other small arms.

1775 A.D - As technology evolves the submarine is also created.

       

                                                                                                          revolver gun                                                                                                   

1836 A.D - A American inventor invents the revolving gun and is

 faster to load than any other   gun.

1851-1861 A.D - The first machine gun is created by the help of science and of course gunpowder.

machine gun

1862 A.D - The first iron clad warship is launched from Europe.

1884 A.D - The first fully automatic gun is released.

1893 A.D - The first bulletproof vest is produced from America.

1914 - The British army introduces the first tanks during world war 1. 

the first tank

1942 to 1945 A.D -The fist attempt to test the nuclear bomb .the test is successful .

1952 - The first fusion or hydrogen bomb is tested and results say that this bomb is more powerful than the atomic bomb.

1960 - The laser is demonstrated for the first time.

1960 - 2000 - The first torpedo is created in the Soviet Union.

2002 - For the first time the high energy laser is used to shoot down artillery fire.

                                                                                              

REASONS OF WARS

Reasons of wars 

  Do you know why war start or the reasons behind wars?In addition in these few paragraphs we will talk about why wars occur? and the reasons behind them.

Common causes of war

Most wars result from a combination of causes .Three of the most common causes are conflicts over resources ,clashing ideologies, and struggle over power .Conflicts over resources are the most basic and enduring causes of war .Resources include land, minerals, energy sources, and important geographical features .The worlds first wars probably were fought over resources .Location and geography  can provide great benefits to one community and not to another .Examples of conflicts over resources are numerous .In the crimean war (1853-1856 ),the United kingdom ,France and the Ottoman Empire fought against Russia for control of the area around the Black sea .The Cold War between United States and Soviet Union started because of clashing ideologies.Ideologies are sets of ideas that define different communities.Religious teachings are often central to a society's ideology. Sometimes these teachings are different from even open hostile toward those of neighbouring communities.In these cases religious wars can erupt.For example in case of Syrian civil war, the rebels wants an Islamic state.

Struggles over power. Power involves the ability to control other the outcome of a situation .War often results when one country seeks to expand its power at the expense of others. For example in case of  World War I Germany was trying to increase the size of its empire. In some cases, a decline in the strength of a powerful nation may prompt a war oppurtunity,in which rival nations try to take advantages.

 

WORLD WAR 1

SYRIA CIVIL WAR

USA DROPPED BOMB ON JAPAN

WORLD WAR 1

 CHEMICAL WEAPONS USED IN SYRIA 

Welcome to the World of Warfare

Hello my friends. We the students of DYPIS want to share our ongoing exhibition inquiry about warfare through this blog.  

We will be touching upon the prevalent issues/evils that are targeting innocent civilians and influencing the society in a negative way. This is a small initiation by us through which we would like to educate and enhance the knowledge of people about the ways people are misusing power, technology and human rights which is leading our world towards catastrophe.